Web Survey Bibliography
For several years, the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) has been working on the systematic implementation of questionnaire testing. A pretest laboratory was established in 2007 and complemented by an eye tracker in 2009. Questionnaires of online surveys are now increasingly evaluated by qualitative testing methods and redesigned to reduce the burden for respondents and to increase data quality of official statistics.
Pretesting online questionnaires shall improve their usability, functionality and comprehensibility. At the FSO, a three step approach is applied: Firstly, we observe eye movements and facial expressions (in real-time), while respondents deal with the questionnaire. Secondly, we conduct cognitive interviews, in which we show the video of eye movements during the fill-in process to the probands. By using the methods of retrospective think aloud and probing we try to figure out reasons for incomplete or missing answers. In a third step, we analyse and interpret the eye tracking data (fixation length, number of fixations etc.). As there are benefits from every method on the one hand, each method has its weaknesses, too. Therefore we combine information from the three sources with each other (“triangulation”), to provide higher data quality in terms of more objective results and a richer overall picture.
Eye Trackingcan be a very useful method in pretesting questionnaires, because it delivers insights into the unconscious behaviour of probands. This behaviour also has a strong influence on the answering process and consequently determines data quality. For example the order in which a proband looks at a questionnaire page can hardly be described in words, as the proband doesn’t think actively about it.
Selected examples from three usability-tests, concerning the perception and understanding of navigation, error messages and instructions will underline the benefit of eye tracking in questionnaire testing.
Workshop Homepage (abstract) / (presentation)
Web survey bibliography (4086)
- Current Projects at University of Ljubljana; 2011; Lozar Manfreda, K.
- Collecting information with Knowledge technologies; 2011; Foulonneau, M.
- E-dater, Artificial Actors, and German Households; 2011; Hebing, M.
- DIME-SHS; 2011; Lesnard, L.
- Web based Data Collection – A Jungle becoming a Field or a Field becoming a Jungle? ; 2011; Ole Finnemann, N.
- Standard Definitions: Final Dispositions of Case Codes and Outcome Rates for Surveys 2011; 2011
- Calibrating Non-Probability Internet Samples with Probability Samples Using Early Adopter Characteristics...; 2011; DiSogra, C., Cobb, C. L., Chan, E., Dennis, J. M.
- How Visual Design Affects the Interpretability of Survey Questions; 2011; Toepoel, V., Dillman, D. A.
- True Longitudinal and Probability-Based Internet Panels: Evidence from the Netherlands; 2011; Das, M., Scherpenzeel, A.
- Web Survey Methodology: Interface Design, Sampling and Statistical Inference; 2011; Couper, M. P.
- Effect of interview modes on measurement of identity; 2011; Nandi, A., Platt, L.
- Maintaining Cross-Sectional Representativeness in a Longitudinal General Population Survey ; 2011; Lynn, P.
- Understanding Society Innovation Panel Wave 3: Results from Methodological Experiments; 2011; Burton, J., Budd, S., Gilbert, E., Jaeckle, A., McFall, S., Uhrig, S. C. N.
- The Effect of a Mixed Mode Wave on Subsequent Attrition in a Panel Survey: Evidence from the Understanding...; 2011; Lynn, P.
- Seeing Through the Eyes of the Respondent: An Eye-tracking Study on Survey Question Comprehension; 2011; Lenzner, A., Kaczmirek, L., Galesic, M.
- Eye Tracking in testing questionnaires: What’s the added value?; 2011; Tries, S.
- Panel Recruitment via Facebook; 2011; Toepoel, V.
- Usability and burden measurement in online forms; 2011; Thomsen, P.
- Dynamic Data Editing in online data collection for the Vacant Positions Survey; 2011; Stax, H.-P.
- Utilizing Web Technology in Business Data Collection: Some Norwegian, Dutch and Danish Experiences; 2011; Snijkers, G., Haraldsen, G., Stax, H.-P.
- Web survey software; 2011; Slavec, A., Berzelak, N., Vehovar, V.
- Disentangling relative mode effects for the web survey mode in the Safety Monitor; 2011; Schouten, B., van de Brakel, J., Buelens, B., Klausch, L. T., van der Laan, J.
- Improving validity in web surveys with hard‐to‐reach targets: Online Respondent Driven Sampling...; 2011; Mavletova, A. M.
- Developing Electronic Questionnaires at Statistics Canada: Experiences and Challenges in a Changing...; 2011; Lawrence, D.
- Experiences with mixed mode mail & web-enquêtes in probability samples with known individuals; 2011; Kalgraff Skjak, K., Kolsrud, K.
- Effects of internet data collection in business surveys – the case of the Dutch SBS; 2011; Giesen, D.
- Ignoring the compatibility of online questionnaires may bias the psychological composition of your sample...; 2011; Funke, F.
- Video enhanced web survey; 2011; Fuchs, M., Kunz, T., Gebhard, F.
- Keeping Up Appearances: Maintaining standards during strategic changes in electronic reporting; 2011; Farrell, E., Hewett, K.
- Respondent engagement: using usability testing; 2011; Dowling, Z.
- Scrolling or paging - it depends; 2011; Blanke, K.
- Research Applications for Mobile Data Collection; 2011; Fawson, B.
- Results from Real-Time Data Collection (RTD) vs. Data from Traditional Panelists: Is it valid to combine...; 2011; Pingitore, G., Witten, S., Walker, A., Seldin, D., Ellrodt, R., Muns, N., Parks, C., Serrato, C.
- Widening the Net: A Comparison of Online Intercept and Access Panel Sampling; 2011; Bakken, D. G., Nawani, R.
- Making it fit: how survey technology providers are responding to the challenges of handling web surveys...; 2011; Macer, T.
- Probably the Best Bias in the World?; 2011; Dent, T.
- Optimus Modus: Comparing interviewing modes for visitor surveys; 2011; Stanley, N., Jenkins, S.
- The development of the KubeMatrix™ as a mobile app for Market Research Online Communities; 2011; Birks, D. F., Wilson, De.
- Online Research – Game On!: A look at how gaming techniques can transform your online research; 2011; Puleston, J.
- Engagement, Consistency, Reach – why the Technology Landscape Precludes All Three; 2011; Johnson, A., Rolfe, G.
- The use of paradata to improve data collection at Statistics Canada: Empirical results and research; 2011; Gambino, J., Wrighte, D.
- Medium Node: NSF Census Research Network; 2011; McCutcheon, A. L., Belli, R. F., Olson, K., Smyth, J. D., Soh, L.-K.
- A new online building survey system; 2011; Wang, Yic.
- A Comparison of Internet-Based Participant Recruitment Methods: Engaging the Hidden Population of Cannabis...; 2011; Temple, E. C., Brown, R. F.
- The German Access Panel and the Impact of Response Propensities; 2011; Amarov, B., Enderle, T., Muennich, R., Rendtel, U., Zins, S.
- Web Survey Process within the Concept of eSocial Sciences; 2011; Vehovar, V.
- Can biomarkers be collected in an Internet survey? A pilot study in the LISS panel; 2011; Avendano, M., Mackenbach, J., Scherpenzeel, A.
- Innovations in survey sampling design: Discussion of three contributions presented at the U.S. Census...; 2011; Opsomer, J.
- A Bayesian analysis of small area probabilities under a constraint; 2011; Nandram, B., Sayit, H.
- Adaptive network and spatial sampling; 2011; Thompson, S. K.